On the Uniquness of Solutions of Linear Ordinary Fractional Differential Equations by Using Different Integral Transform Methods

The main objective of this paper has to investigate the uniqueness of the solution of fractional differential equation by using different integral transforms, we applied Laplace transform, Elzaki transform and Sumudu transform on a linear ordinary fractional differential equation. The uniqueness of the solution is achieved in fractional differential equations by applying different integral transform methods

Determinants of Trust in E-Government Adoption: A Case Study of Pakistan

The main objective of e-Government is to better serve citizens. However, citizens’ likelihood to use e-Government services is very low especially in the context of developing countries. Lack of trust in e-Government systems has been recognized as one of the major barriers to e-Government services adoption. Citizens’ decision to use online services is dependent on their level of trust in the technology and the government. Lack of trust in the government and technology discourages the usage of e-Government services. The research work aims to identify the determinants of trust which influences the citizens’ intention to adopt e-Government services to conduct transaction with the government website. An online survey was conducted to collect data from 150 citizens’ of Pakistan. The data was analyzed using AMOS 18.0. The target population includes citizens who are internet users. The results of the survey revealed that perceived risk, trust in the internet, trust in the government, information security and transaction security are highly influential variables which influence the citizens’ intention to adopt e-Ggovernment services to conduct transaction with the government websites

Why Workers Switch Industry? The Case of Textile Industry of Pakistan

Abstract: The main objective of this study is to identify core reasons for employee's turnover. The study is descriptive and cross-sectional. Twenty turnover intentions are identified from the literature and a questionnaire is designed on 5 point likert-scale for data collection. A sample of 160 respondents has been randomly selected from the textile industry of Pakistan. The data has been analyzed through one sample t-test and one-way ANOVA. The study reveals the most prominent factors responsible for employees' intentions to leave and offer practitioners and researchers some practical recommendations to retain the workforce

Herpes Zoster During Immunosuppressive Therapy For Autoimmune Diseases

Background: Patients on immunosuppressive therapy are at a greater risk for herpes zoster reactivation and are more likely to have adverse outcomes. Propylactic antivrials and vaccinations may potentially prevent these complications.Methods: Medical literature addressing the clinical course and therapy of herpes zoster in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy for autoimmune disorders, and the roles of anti-viral prophylaxis and vaccination was reviewed. Research databases including PubMed, Ovid, Medline, Google Scholar and Cochrane were utilized.Results: Acyclovir and its derivatives are most commonly used in this setting for treatment and reduction of post-zoster complications. Foscarnet may be used for acyclovir-resistant strains. At both conventional and ultralow doses, acyclovir has proven effective when used as prophylaxis, reducing the incidence of zoster and its complications in immunosuppressed patients. Additionally, ultra-low doses are associated with significantly reduced side effects. The zoster vaccine, Zostavax, a live-attenuated vaccine has shown promising results in several clinical trials. However, live-attenuated vaccines should be cautiously used in immunosuppressed patients. For patients who require immunosuppressive therapy, vaccination 2-3 months prior to therapy may be appropriate.CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic antiviral therapy and vaccination help significantly reduce morbidity and mortality from zoster reactivation in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy

N-(4-Hydroxy­phen­yl)benzene­sulfon­amide

The title compound, C12H11NO3S, synthesized by the reaction of benzene sulfonyl chloride with para-amino­phenol, is of inter­est as a precursor to biologically active sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds. The structure is stabilized by N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

Effects of Carica Papaya Leaf Extract on Blood Hematology, Serum Biochemistry and Immune Response of Broilers

Background: As an alternative of antibiotic growth promoters, medicinal plants are the most popular options. Papaya leaves are good source of vitamins, minerals, antioxidants and enzymes which provide aid in digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and fats and overcome the microbial load and used as a growth promoter and antibiotic in broiler performance. This study was carried out in order to evaluate the effect of papaya leaf extract in drinking water as a replacement of commercial antibiotic on blood hematology, serum biochemistry and immune response of broilers for the duration of 35 days.Methods: In this experiment, 180 one-day old chicks were randomly distributed into 6 treatments. Each treatment was divided into 3 replicates having 10 chicks each. Feed was offered ad-libitum to broilers. Six treatments; G1 {(basal diet + antibiotic growth promoter (enramycin) + coccidiostat (salinomycin)}, G2 (basal diet without antibiotic growth promotor and coccidiostat), G3 (basal diet + 0.5% papaya extract), G4 (basal diet + 1.0% papaya extract), G5 (basal diet + 1.5% papaya extract) and G6 (basal diet + 2.0% papaya extract) were designed. Blood samples were taken for serum biochemistry, hematology and titer against Newcastle disease. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance technique by completely randomized design using SAS and Tukey’s test were used for comparison of means.Results: Birds received various level of papaya extract had no effect on serum biochemistry and hematology parameters except triglyceride levels which were significantly lower in G2 (15.00±15.00, commercial diet) and G6 (17.43±9.87, commercial diet + 2% papaya extract) at 17th day and 35th day where it failed to show significant difference. However, Newcastle disease and infectious bursal disease titers were not affected by the treatments.Conclusion: It can be concluded that papaya leaf extract may be used in broiler diet as commercial antibiotics replacement.Keywords: Papaya leaf extract; Antibiotics; Immune response; Broile

Biology, Ecology, Infestation, and Management of Warble Flies (Diptera: Oestridae)

The range grazing livestock (cattles and goats) are afflicted by a significant skin/hide issue known as warble fly larval infestation, which is caused by the larvae of Hypoderma lineatum and Hypoderma bovis species which resulted in substantial economic losses to the leather industries. The life cycle of hypodermosis is complex, involving both ecto- and endoparasitic stages. Female warble flies deposit their eggs in rows of 5-8 on individual hairs of the host, often targeting the legs but also other areas. These eggs are securely attached to the hairs and a single female fly may lay as many as 800 eggs on a host within a week, which is typically their lifespan. Egg hatching occurs 3-7 days after the eggs are laid. The larvae then move down under to the skin and actively penetrate it, causing great irritation for cattle and goats. Some tactics used to control warble flies on animals are chemical insecticides which are available in the form of sprays, pour-ons, and injections. These chemicals can kill or repel adult flies and prevent larvae from developing into mature flies. Predatory insects e.g., wasps can be used to control warble fly populations. Physical methods i.e., fly traps, fly swatters, and sticky tapes can be used to capture or kill adult flies. Practices such as maintaining clean living conditions, grazing management, and reducing animal stress can help prevent warble fly infestations. It is important to consult with a veterinarian to determine the best control method for incidences of warble fly infestation

An assessment of social, economic and managemental factors affecting average production per week in commercial layers at district Toba Tek Singh, Punjab, Pakistan

Background: The research was conducted to identify social, economic and management factors that may affect the total egg production in terms of total number of weak for average peak production in layers at district Toba Tek Singh.Methods: Sampling method was based on primary data collected through survey. Twenty-five layer farms were selected randomly with three different types of production systems (viz., open sided litter floor system, Semi controlled cage system and semi controlled litter floor system). Farmers were visited personally and interviewed. The data were analyzed by MINITAB-17 using multiple regression analysis.Results: Result showed that 12% of the respondents are under the age of 25 years, 80% fall between the age of 25-50 years, 8% fall more than the age of 50 and above. Study showed that more than 50% farmers are having qualification above secondary level i.e., 48 % are within the range of higher secondary and graduation, while 4% are specialized in animal production and health (veterinarian). Majority of the farmers had a farm size less than a capacity of 25000 birds, while only 16% farmers had a farm size with a capacity of above 50000 birds. The House type, Birds at first lay, Age at data recording, Age at first egg and Feed cost were significant (P≤0.01). However, demographic variables were non-significant at all levels of probability. The results showed that the economic and management factors of farmers have significant effect on average peak production of layers kept by them.Conclusion: The importance of the economic and management factors, concluded significant influence made by the social, economic and management factors on poultry egg production.Keywords: Social; Economic; Management; Peak production; Layer

Numerical computation of buoyancy and radiation effects on MHD micropolar nanofluid flow over a stretching/shrinking sheet with heat source

Abstract In this mathematical study, the effect of buoyancy parameters along with radiation on magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) micro-polar nano-fluid flow over a stretching/shrinking sheet is taken into consideration. Suitable similarity variables are used to convert the governing non-linear partial differential equations into a system of coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations which are then numerically solved by R.K method with shooting scheme. The influence of pertinent parameters on the velocity profile, temperature profile, micro-rotation profile, and concentration profile is investigated. It is founded that the velocity profile is decreased with the increment in the values of M and the opposite behavior is noticed for micro-rotation, thermal, and concentration profiles. It is also founded that an increase in the values of buoyancy parameters causes an increase in velocity profile while micro-rotation, thermal, and concentration profiles are decreased. The results are exposed and discussed through tables and graphs

N-Ethyl-N-(2-meth­oxy­phen­yl)benzene­sulfonamide

In the title mol­ecule, C15H17NO3S, the C—S—N—Cbenzene torsion angle is 81.45 (16)°, and the two aromatic rings form a dihedral angle of 45.83 (12)°. In the crystal structure, weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into chains parallel to the b axis